Cisco Digital Network Architecture

Cisco Digital Network Architecture – An Overview of the Architecture Tools and Vision

Design principle #1: Security everywhere

Security is essential in any environment, public or commercial. With the recent threats of ransomware, including Not Petya and other hacks no extra explanation is needed. A secure network is critical for the security of the data that runs through the organization. By using the network as a sensor and enforcer (the network sees all flows), the network infrastructure can support in analysing the threats and risks to the organization. So the network must become a sensor and enforcer in the security framework. Of course the before-during-after paradigm for a security framework assists in this design guide as well.

Design principle #2: Virtualize everything

SDN has become common in many organizations, where the control plane is separated from the data plane (software defines how data flows through the network). SDN was always restricted to the type of hardware that is in place, e.g. a switch doesn’t have router functionality, a firewall is not a router, etc. What if you could virtualize these network functions in such a way so that the software defines what role the hardware has, without impact on performance (hardware asics)?

This means that a network component can fulfil different network functions during its lifecycle, being a switch, a firewall, a router, a WAAS or any new network function that is invented. Based on this design guide that all network functions are virtualized, an SDN controller can truly control the behaviour of the network infrastructure

Design principle #3: Designed for automation

Design the network in such a way that automation can take place. Automation is key to fast, standardized, delivery of changes across the infrastructure. This can only take place if the network infrastructure is standardized on software releases and configurations.
For example, only when the voice VLAN on all branch locations is the same, can a generic standardized policy (and assignment) be created for voice devices.

Design principle #4: Cloud service management

Cloud has become a common part of many IT environments. Cloud applications have very high availability and capacity. By using the cloud one can define and provision network services (applications, services) and policies (who is allowed to do what) from a central environment. Of course there is choice to run this centrally managed cloud app in a public cloud or on premise, depending on the organizations requirements and cloud maturity.

Design principle #5: Pervasive analytics

Machine Intelligence, big data lakes, and analysis of microflows help with the prediction of failures in your network. By proper analysis, problems in performance or behaviour can be predicted in a proactive manner. As an example, we all know that when a client cannot connect, it’s always the network. But with pervasive analytics, telemetry reports that the DHCP server isn’t responding back on the DHCP requests, so it is more a DHCP server problem. The average time to resolve a problem and find a root cause can be reduced dramatically because pervasive analytics provide you the insight. Perhaps this design guide could be the best part of the business case for DNA, imagination is only the limitation to what can be done.

Design principle #6: DNA-ready infrastructure

On the bottom is the infrastructure layer, consisting of all network components like your routers, switches, firewalls and wireless controllers. It doesn’t matter if the equipment is physical or virtual like ASAv, CRS1000V, or NGFWv.
The features of DNA (faster delivery of services, detecting problems and increasing flexibility) can only be implemented if your network devices are also DNA-ready. In fact, almost all actual switches, wireless components, firewalls and routers are DNA ready. Proper life cycle management is supportive for this.

DNA Framework

Principles alone do not create an architecture, it also needs a conceptual framework in which the different elements come together for the solution that meets the requirements (both technical and from the business) and the design principles. The network infrastructure communicates, via open API’s, with two processes:
• Automation is responsible for the so-called day0 (provisioning of new equipment) and day1 operations (create, change, update or delete of services). These API’s could be implemented in different ways, although more and more devices supported NETCONF and YANG models.The automation block can be filled with different kind of tools, for example APIC for ACI, Cisco NSO or APIC-EM for campus networks. It is dependent of the organisation itself.
Model, Tools and technology
A model is one step, but that doesn’t bring any company to a network infrastructure ready to adopt changes faster and become a more predictive less complex network. For that, Cisco has announced (and available) several products and solutions, that meet the above mentioned model. Below is a list of products from Cisco with a short explanation on its role within DNA.

DNA Center

DNA Center was announced at Cisco Live Las Vegas in June 2017. DNA Center is the single centralized management interface for Cisco’s Intent-based networking solution. It uses templates based on Cisco best practices and validated designs to enable the configuration of Cisco products and using network automation for solutions like software defined access (SDA). DNA Center is the integration of the blocks automation, analytics and centralized tool in a single appliance (DNA Center Appliance).

Cisco Enterprise Services Automation (ESA)

This is a separate application that communicates with APIC-EM (automation) to realise network function virtualizations on Cisco NFV platforms (ENCS5400, UCS-E series). It is used to define, deploy, and manage these virtual services on the platform. It is logical that in time this will also be featured in DNA Center.

Campus Fabric / Software Defined Access (SDA)

Software Defined Access is a (scalable) solution for campus networks to quickly, reliably and easily define new networks, including security and microsegmentations. It is based on a logical layer3 network infrastructure for connectivity (underlay) and clients are connecting to virtual networks based on VXLAN for data transport and LISP for control. As VLAN’s are not used anymore, time to deliver new services is cut down dramatically and problems with STP and VLAN’s are history as there is no layer2 network anymore.

Cisco Network Services Orchestrator (NSO)

Cisco NSO is a Network Services Orchestrator, also an automation tool. NSO is the result of the acquisition of tail-f in which the network infrastructure is based on a YANG model. On top of this YANG model services can be defined and deployed. So-called network endpoint devices (NED) take care of the translation from the YANG model with services to a configuration of the device. NSO is from the ISP world and is making its move to the enterprise however it doesn not currently support DNA Center. NSO is vendor-independent and there are also NED’s for other vendors like Citrix Netscaler, etc.

Cisco ISE

ISE is an integral part of the DNA framework, although it doesn’t fit in automation or analytics, as it provides both functions for device identity. ISE provides the identity services for your network and is used in Software-Defined Access (SD-Access) deployments to provide the SGT’s to the proper network port.

Enterprise Threat Analytics (ETA)

ETA is a newly announced analytics product that is capable of analysing behaviour of encrypted traffic in such a way that threats and other traffic can be detected without SSL decryption. It is used to determine if anomalies, like malware, are on your network or not.

Stealthwatch

Stealthwatch is clearly an analytics tool, which is used within the network as a sensor, based on Netflow. ETA and Stealthwatch are closely related with each other.

DNA Center Assurance

Assurance is also an analytics tool, in which telemetry is extracted from the network. CMX is an example, but DNA Center Assurance takes analytics much further, like detecting if the DHCP server isn’t responding to requests, or that a client is entering a black hole, or that your network is hitting a known caveat.

DNA-Ready Infrastructure Devices:

Almost all modern Cisco Switches, Routers, Firewalls, Wireless Controllers support DNA. Rule of thumbis that if the device has the UADP ASIC, it is DNA-ready and supports SD-Acesss. Most of these devices are Cisco IOS-XE based, like the Catalyst 3650/3850, ISR 4k and the WLC 5520’s. The new Catalyst 9000 has the new UADP 2.0 ASIC which enables it to support ETA.

How to wirelessly charge your iPhone 7

How to wirelessly charge your iPhone 7

Get iPhone 8 and iphone X features for your iPhone 7

The iPhone 8 family is the original of Apple telephones to help remote charging, something which has been a backbone in arrangements of potential iPhone highlights for the best piece of 10 years.



You can't just utilize Apple's own particular forthcoming remote accuse cushion of more seasoned iPhones, however. Too bad.

Be that as it may, there is an approach to make your iPhone 7 or iPhone 7 Plus remotely charge simply like an iPhone 8. All you require are two or three extras.

Kitting out with a collector

Initially, we require a case to get a remote charge flag. The AirPower innovation found in the iPhone 8 utilizes a particular chip that the iPhone 7 needs, and regardless of the possibility that it had one in the engine, the more seasoned iPhone's outline isn't reasonable for remote charging as standard.

Take a gander at different remote charging telephones and you'll see they either have plastic or glass backs, similar to the Samsung Galaxy S8. Metal backs like the iPhone 7's are not appropriate for current famous types of remote charging.

This is the reason we have to put the remote charging recipient between the telephone's back and the remote charging plate. It's typically finished with a case.

A standout amongst the most famous is the Mophie Charge Force case. This includes transmitters for both the Qi and PMA remote charging guidelines.

Know your gauges: Qi and PMA

Apple AirPower utilizes a custom rendition of Qi (articulated "chee"), as do the greater part of the prominent remote charge cushions. Be that as it may, one of the longest-standing players in remote charging, Powermat, utilizes PMA.

You can consider PMA and Qi as somewhat like VHS versus BetaMax or Blu-beam versus HD DVD. They're contending guidelines that intend to do generally a similar thing utilizing distinctive methods.

In case you're considering purchasing a more reasonable remote charging case for your iPhone 7 that backings only a solitary standard, we'd firmly suggest getting going to play a part with Qi as opposed to PMA.

While Starbucks utilizes PMA chargers in some of its stores (in the US), even it is beginning to receive Qi, on account of Apple's utilization of the standard in the iPhone 8 and iPhone X.

In the event that you need an option that is less expensive than the Mophie Charge Force you'll discover moderate Qi cushion choices online from organizations like YooTech and Antye. The Antye Qi recipient case is around a large portion of the cost of the Mophie elective.



There are even recipients that forget the case part, simply appending a 0.5mm thick board to the back of your telephone that interfaces with your iPhone 7's Lightning port. It's not the slickest look, but rather it limits mass, and most should work through a thin case.

For a definitive remote charging arrangement, search for a case that likewise has a battery worked in. By and by, Mophie offers an incredible arrangement with the Juice Pack Air.

It'll charge your iPhone's battery remotely first before energizing the additional 2,525mAh battery for the situation, which gives up to 27 hours' additional utilization. The main drawback is that a remote battery case will be more massive than a plain collector one.

Moto X4

MOTO X4

The Moto X4 is Motorola's combination Smartphone. Evaluated at $399.99 opened or $329.99 sponsored by Amazon advertisements, it joins angles from the two closures of its lineup, as double back camera sensors and a waterproof plan from the top of the line Z2 Force, with the midrange specs of the more moderate G5 Plus. It doesn't bolster Moto Mods, however has the practically stock Android programming Motorola is referred to for, and also joining with Amazon's Alexa voice associate. Its status is supported by a solid battery and strong double camera framework. Customers after premium highlights on a more unobtrusive spending will welcome the X4, our Editors' Choice in the midrange value section.

Design, Features, And Display 

The Moto X4 gets the attention. Its back board is intended to reflect light in various examples in view of edge and lighting conditions. It's very getting in both Super Black and Sterling Blue choices, however I saw it gets fingerprints and smircesh rather effortlessly and it's, exceptionally elusive.

The telephone measures a hand-accommodating 5.8 by 2.9 by 0.3 inches (HWD) and weighs 5.7 ounces. It's comparable in size to the G5 Plus (5.9 by 2.9 by 0.3 inches, 5.5 ounces), however its mirror-like outline looks and feels significantly more premium. This comes at the cost of weight however, as the X4 is about an ounce heavier than the HTC U11 Life (5.9 by 2.9 by 0.3 inches, 5 ounces).

There's a SIM/microSD card opening to finish everything, the last of which bolsters cards up to 2TB. What's more, there's an earphone jack on the base, alongside a USB-C charging port. Volume and power catches can be found on the right. There's a unique finger impression sensor on the base bezel and when you initiate One Button Navigation you can utilize a progression of swipe signals set up of the standard programming route keys. It's a clever component to spare some screen space.

Like the Z2 Force, the Moto X4 is IP68 waterproof, which means it can withstand submersion in six feet of water for up to 30 minutes.



The Moto X4 has a 5.2-inch, 1,920-by-1,080 IPS show. It's fresh, 424 pixels for each inch, coordinating the determination of the U11 Life. Hues are splendid and precise, and seeing edges are awesome. Brilliance increase truly well, and I could utilize the telephone outside without an excess of trouble. You likewise get all the standard Motorola highlights like Active Display, which illuminates the screen with time, date, warnings, and media controls when you lift the telephone up. Also, there are signal controls; contorting the telephone dispatches the camera and shaking it turns on the spotlight.

Processor and Battery 

The telephone is controlled by a Qualcomm Snapdragon 630 processor timed at 2.2GHz with 3GB of RAM. It scored 70,353 in the AnTuTu benchmark, which measures general framework execution, superior to the Snapdragon 625-controlled G5 Plus (63,845) and generally coordinating the HTC U11 Life (71,786). In standard use, this converts into quick, dependable execution with smooth multitasking. It can likewise deal with requesting diversions like GTA: San Andreas, however you may experience the incidental falter.

Camera 

The Moto X4 is the most recent telephone to join the pattern of double sensor cameras. On the back, you get one 12-megapixel essential sensor and a moment 8-megapixel wide-point camera. The two sensors give it an eminent favorable position over single-sensor gadgets with regards to centering rate and low-light execution, and bolster a full arrangement of manual controls to give you a chance to change things like white adjust and ISO.

Software

As far as programming, the telephone runs a genuinely stock adaptation of Android 7.1.1 Nougat with Motorola's helpful additional items empowered through the Moto application. A refresh to Android 8.0 Oreo should take off later on. Beside the previously mentioned motions, you can empower Moto Key, an approach to safely open Windows gadgets and sign into sites utilizing the telephone's unique finger impression sensor as verification. Setup is straightforward, however it expects you to download and introduce Moto Key programming onto your portable workstation or desktop and the X4 must be associated by means of Bluetooth.

Panasonic Eluga I5

Panasonic Eluga I5 with 13MP back camera launched at Rs 6,499: All you have to know 

Subsequent to propelling the Eluga A4 for the disconnected market in India only a couple of days back, Panasonic has propelled another new cell phone in the Eluga line-up. Named the Eluga I5, the new spending plan cell phone accompanies a sticker price of Rs 8,990. In any case, as an initial offer, Panasonic is putting forth a constrained period markdown of Rs 2,500, which implies the telephone is right now being offered at Rs 6,499.



The Eluga arrangement bespeaks unwavering quality and the most recent Eluga I5 is another ideal mix of advancement and tastefulness. It guarantees choice execution at an esteem based cost," said Pankaj Rana, Business Head - Mobility Division, Panasonic India.

Additionally Read: Panasonic Eluga A4 with 5,000mAh battery propelled in Redmi Note 4 region at Rs 12,490

Panasonic Eluga I5 determinations:

The Eluga I5 sports a metallic external shell and highlights a 5-inch HD IPS show with 720x1280 pixels determination and 2.5D bended Asahi "Dragontrail" glass assurance to finish everything.

The gadget is fueled by an octa-center MediaTek MT6737 processor which is combined with 2GB of RAM and 16GB of interior stockpiling, which is expandable up to 128GB by means of a microSD card.



The Eluga I5 runs Android 7.0 Nougat out-of-the-container and comes pre-stacked with Panasonic's in-house created AI right hand - ARBO.

On the photography front, the Eluga I5 sports a solitary 13MP back camera which is combined with a five-piece focal point and a f/2.2 opening. There is a LED streak, which will prove to be useful in low-light circumstances. At the front, the cell phone includes a 5MP selfie snapper.

The double SIM cell phone accompanies a few network choices including 4G VoLTE, WiFi 802.11 b/g/n, Bluetooth 4.1, FM Radio, A-GPS and small scale USB OTG to associate outer memory gadgets.

Panasonic Eluga I5 is a genuinely thin gadget at only 7.5mm thickness and is upheld by a 2500mAh battery.

There is a unique finger impression sensor at the back for included security, which likewise enables clients to look through site pages, pictures and applications.

Panasonic Eluga I5 cost and accessibility:

The Eluga I5 is accessible only on Flipkart for Rs 6,499 as a major aspect of the restricted period early on offer. Flipkart is likewise presenting to Rs 6,000 off on trade and an extra 5 percent off to Axis Bank Buzz charge card holders.

Panasonic Eluga I5 is offered in two shading alternatives - dark and gold.

vivo will grow to Europe and Africa in 2018 with Qualcomm's assistance

vivo will grow to Europe and Africa in 2018 with Qualcomm's assistance 

vivo is one of the best cell phone producers yet the brand isn't outstanding outside of its key markets – China and India. That will change one year from now as the organization ventures into Europe and Africa.


To reinforce its position, vivo marked a $4 billion reminder of comprehension with Qualcomm. This will involve specialized organization and patent sharing to offer 5G telephones for sale to the public and differentiate biometric verification highlights.

vivo was the first to do demo a unique mark preader beneath the show, yet the two organizations likewise need to create 3D facial distinguishing proof (think iPhone X), alongside filtering palm prints, iris checking and that's only the tip of the iceberg.

As of late, the organization propelled the X20 with Face Wake, vivo's facial acknowledgment (in light of the 12MP selfie camera), and Qualcomm's Snapdragon 660 chipset.


Kin organization Oppo and adversary Xiaomi marked comparable reminders with Qualcomm, pushing up the potential financial incentive up to $12 billion (which will be spread out more than 3 years). Oppo and Xiaomi are likewise keen on 3D filtering tech, which was supposedly co-created by Qualcomm and Himax (which influenced a urgent part in the Google To glass show).

Blue vivo V7+

Blue vivo V7+ arrives 

Two months back vivo V7+ appeared in two hues - Champagne Gold and Midnight Black. Today the organization reported a third shading choice of the telephone - Energetic Blue. 

As per the organization, the interesting shading choice "supplements the lively identity" of the youthful vivo clients. 

The Amazon India-restrictive V7+ in Energetic Blue will be accessible for pre-arrange between November 10 and November 14. One day after that the genuine deals start at the cost of INR21,990 (€286), which is the same as the other two shading variations. 

The vivo V7+ landed with a 24 MP forward looking camera and triple plate for two SIM cards and one microSD. The 18:9 proportion show is 5.99" in slanting and has a HD+ determination of 720 x 1440 pixels. 

Within, a Snapdragon 450 chipset is combined with 4 GB RAM and 64 GB inside capacity.

Why you should avoid your iPhone's calculator

Why you should avoid your iPhone's calculator

What does 1+2+3 equal? Not what you think, thanks to an iOS 11 bug. There's an easy fix, but it will annoy the hell out of you.

You expect a few bugs in a new operating system, but a busted calculator? That's... irritating.

But that's exactly the situation in iOS 11. When you rapidly add two or more numbers, Calc doesn't always register the third calculation press -- which could result in some serious mathematical errors.

Try it: Tap 1+2+3 in rapid succession. You'll very likely end up with 23 (or 24 if you proceed to tap "="), because that third "+" tap wasn't captured.

Why? There appears to be some "animation lag" at work: When you tap a number, it briefly lights up and then fades. But after the second number, if you try tapping a function (plus, minus, multiply, etc.) before the number has fully faded, it won't register.

The solution: slow down. Yeah, it's a crappy solution, but it does work.

There's anecdotal evidence this problem has existed since iOS 11 was in beta; my iPhone is running iOS 11.1. One of my CNET colleagues installed 11.2 (which itself is still in beta) and found that Calc seemed to be working better, but that the bug wasn't completely fixed. "Inconsistent at best," she said.More new..click here

Amazon ECS CLI version 1.0.0

Amazon ECS CLI version 1.0.0

Amazon ECS CLI VERSION 1.0.0

The Amazon EC2 Container Service (Amazon ECS) command line interface (CLI) is now available as version 1.0.0. 

The Amazon ECS CLI is a developer tool that is built to make it easy to run applications with Amazon ECS. This CLI allows you to create and manage Amazon ECS clusters and tasks with fewer commands when using a terminal interface. 

Previously, the Amazon ECS CLI only allowed you to configure one set of clusters and credentials for testing containers and was only available for Linux or Mac environments. 

Now, the Amazon ECS CLI v1.0.0 allows you to store multiple cluster and credential configurations and allows you to easily switch between different cluster and credential configuration. You can specify additional ECS task definition parameters and the CLI is available for Linux, Mac, and Windows environments. 

To learn more, visit the Amazon ECS CLI documentationor the ECS CLI project on Github. For more information about Amazon ECS, visit the product page here.

Amazon ECS is available in US East (Ohio), US East (N. Virginia), US West (N. California), US West (Oregon), Canada (Central), Asia Pacific (Seoul), Asia Pacific (Singapore), Asia Pacific (Sydney), Asia Pacific (Tokyo), EU (Frankfurt), EU (Ireland), EU (London), and China (Beijing) regions. For more information on AWS regions and service, please visit here. 

Create and share Google Maps lists on the web from your desktop

Create and share Google Maps lists on the web from your desktop

This past February, Google made it possible to create lists of your favorite local spots in the Maps mobile app. A little later, the company added a sharing feature so you could send your lists to friends and family from your phone. 

Now Google is bringing the experience to your computer, as well.

Making it work on your PC is pretty simple. Just find a place on Google Maps via your favorite browser, click on Save, and add it to a new or existing list, which now sync across platforms. To see what you've saved to your lists, simply go to Your Places in Google Maps (mobile or web). If you want to share a list, all you need to do is tap or click on the three dots to find the feature. If you want to research and plan a trip, or just make a list of your favorite local hot spots, you're good to go — no matter the type of device you're on.

Cisco Multicloud

  Introducing Cisco Multicloud 

About everyone saw how Cisco could help with their private cloud and server farm needs, however few acknowledged how Cisco could fathom the difficulties they were looking in the general population cloud.



In all the cloud dialogs with both business and innovation pioneers, two key perspectives dependably rise

Organizations need to move to cloud at their own particular pace and with adaptability, regularly exchanging off between development speed and speculation assurance targets.

The new multicloud the truth is creating new necessities and making things more mind boggling than anticipated, and subsequently, they require straightforwardness to take full preferred standpoint of the cloud administrations they require, paying little respect to where they dwell.

Adaptability and effortlessness don't frequently go together well, and the cloud is no special case!

Truth be told, 94% of organizations moving to cloud say they will purchase administrations from various suppliers.

We've heard them boisterous and clear. They require help to address 4 noteworthy zones with consistency over each cloud they utilize.

In actuality, cloud suppliers can't resolve these issues over the multicloud world since they normally streamline for the utilization of their own condition, not for one of alternate mists.


That is precisely the part we are taking in the multicloud world!

Over the most recent year and a half, we have contributed vigorously to create and obtain new advances to address these multicloud needs.

We reported new energizing inward improvements, for example, ACI Anywhere and obtained incredible organizations like CliQr, OpenDNS, CloudLock, AppDynamics, and Viptela.


In all cases our north star has been the same – building multicloud programming abilities that work in any cloud condition, private or open.

The outcome is the business' driving multicloud enablement item portfolio.

A week ago the Cisco and Google Cloud association declaration showed how that item administration can convey adaptability and straightforwardness through an open mixture cloud condition.


In any case, there's progressively – while working with Google, we considered how to streamline the appropriation of our cloud portfolio, and we chose that Cisco Partner Summit was the correct time to act. The reason? Our accomplices confront that adaptability versus effortlessness exchange off each day as they address client needs, and in the event that we make it more straightforward for them, it will be less complex for our clients.


Today we're making the following move to execute our multicloud system by declaring the Cisco Multicloud Portfolio, which expands on our rich cloud item set and conveys a basic offer structure.

The new Portfolio firmly adjusts to our clients' needs. As they move to the multicloud world, they have to Connect, Protect and Consume cloud benefits reliably, regardless of where the cloud administrations live. Regularly their excursion begins with seeing how to construct or execute their cloud system, which requires the correct level of Advisory administrations.

Cisco empowers the multicloud world – whether you intend to develop your server farm to assemble a private cloud, stretch out your system to the cloud, include or construct new cloud benefits, or deal with the new multicloud condition. We meet you where you are. We enable you to move at your pace.

Take in more about the new Multicloud Portfolio.

To take in more about Cisco's thorough cloud procedure visit www.cisco.com/go/cloud.

Reactive to Predictive Services: The Power of Services Innovation

From Reactive to Predictive Services: The Power of Services Innovation

When you think about IT services for your network, groundbreaking innovation may not be the first thing you think of. Top of mind for most people might be a world-class engineering team with great people skills, deep knowledge, and a long track record of success.

But now, with the launch of Cisco’s new predictive services portfolio, innovation moves to the top of the list. In a world where network downtime can result in losing thousands of customers, we need to do more than respond quickly and effectively to a network problem. We need to prevent the problem from happening in the first place.

That’s exactly what

Cisco Services can do with two new suites of predictive services—Business Critical Services and High-value services. With these new services, enabled by AI and machine learning, we’re moving from a reactive approach to a preemptive approach, preventing network impacting events by predicting issues and delivering ongoing optimization services. Yes, you still get the expertise of our highly skilled engineers—but also 20 years of historical data from real-life customer scenarios and advanced machine learning capabilities that use data to predict problems before they happen.  We have delivered three major innovations to make this work:

First, a new service called Business Critical Insights compares how your network is performing compared to similar environments. We use machine learning to correlate your network’s performance with our knowledge base from similar deployments and industry best practices. We build a “fingerprint” of each device across the millions that we support, so we can correlate thousands of parameters within the hardware, software, and features you are using. So if, for example, you are suffering from a high number of issues, we can identify anomalies and pinpoint the cause of your problem.



The second innovation, Network Early Warning, studies and learns from patterns of events that lead to major failures, so we can preemptively take action. We recently predicted a scenario in a top U.S. bank’s network 32 hours before it would have caused a major outage. In another case, we analyzed voice log anomalies for a large Internet provider and identified a pattern in random packet drops three days before it led to noticeable call drops. Once we predict an event, we take action to minimize business impact.

Third, we have digitized the detection logic for a large number of known problems, which has created a system that drives automated issue detection. Now all of our Cisco Services engineers have the knowledge and experience of our best engineer—and can detect the cause of problems in a fraction of the usual time, sometimes even identifying issues the customer isn’t aware of. Let’s say your network performance inexplicably starts to degrade. Typically, a service engineer would go through extensive historical information to figure out why. But now, our automation system evaluates the data and can instantly discover the problem that is slowing everything down. The system not only identifies the problem, it automatically generates a trouble ticket with all the problem details and how to resolve it.



These new predictive services will reduce the complexity and cost of your network operations, reduce risk with automated compliance and remediation services, increase business agility, and accelerate the digital transformation of your business.

Check out our new video to see how our new predictive and preemptive capabilities can give you—and every customer—access to our best engineer, years of experience, and technology innovation, every time.

Amazon S3

Amazon Web Services - Amazon S3

Amazon S3

Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) is a scalable, high-speed, low-cost web-based service designed for online backup and archiving of data and application programs. It allows to upload, store, and download any type of files up to 5 GB in size. This service allows the subscribers to access the same systems that Amazon uses to run its own web sites. The subscriber has control over the accessibility of data, i.e. privately/publicly accessible.

How to Configure S3?

Following are the steps to configure a S3 account.

Step 1 − Open the Amazon S3 console using this link − https://console.aws.amazon.com/s3/home

Step 2 − Create a Bucket using the following steps.

A prompt window will open. Click the Create Bucket button at the bottom of the page.


Create a Bucket dialog box will open. Fill the required details and click the Create button.


The bucket is created successfully in Amazon S3. The console displays the list of buckets and its properties.


Select the Static Website Hosting option. Click the radio button Enable website hosting and fill the required details.


Step 3 − Add an Object to a bucket using the following steps.

Open the Amazon S3 console using the following link − https://console.aws.amazon.com/s3/home

Click the Upload button.


Click the Add files option. Select those files which are to be uploaded from the system and then click the Open button.


Click the start upload button. The files will get uploaded into the bucket.

To open/download an object − In the Amazon S3 console, in the Objects & Folders list, right-click on the object to be opened/downloaded. Then, select the required object.

How to Move S3 Objects?

Following are the steps to move S3 objects.

step 1 − Open Amazon S3 console.

step 2 − Select the files & folders option in the panel. Right-click on the object that is to be moved and click the Cut option.


step 3 − Open the location where we want this object. Right-click on the folder/bucket where the object is to be moved and click the Paste into option.

How to Delete an Object?

Step 1 − Open Amazon S3.

Step 2 − Select the files & folders option in the panel. Right-click on the object that is to be deleted. Select the delete option.

Step 3 − A pop-up window will open for confirmation. Click Ok.

How to Empty a Bucket?

Step 1 − Open Amazon S3 console.

Step 2 − Right-click on the bucket that is to be emptied and click the empty bucket option.


Step 3 − A confirmation message will appear on the pop-up window. Read it carefully and click the Empty bucket button to confirm.

Amazon S3 Features

Low cost and Easy to Use − Using Amazon S3, the user can store a large amount of data at very low charges.

Secure − Amazon S3 supports data transfer over SSL and the data gets encrypted automatically once it is uploaded. The user has complete control over their data by configuring bucket policies using AWS IAM.

Scalable − Using Amazon S3, there need not be any worry about storage concerns. We can store as much data as we have and access it anytime.

Higher performance − Amazon S3 is integrated with Amazon CloudFront, that distributes content to the end users with low latency and provides high data transfer speeds without any minimum usage commitments.

Integrated with AWS services − Amazon S3 integrated with AWS services include Amazon CloudFront, Amazon CLoudWatch, Amazon Kinesis, Amazon RDS, Amazon Route 53, Amazon VPC, AWS Lambda, Amazon EBS, Amazon Dynamo DB, etc.

AWS Simple Workflow Service

AWS - Simple WorkFlow Service

AWS- Simple WorkFlow Service

The following services fall under Application Services section −



Amazon CloudSearch
Amazon Simple Queue Services (SQS)
Amazon Simple Notification Services (SNS)
Amazon Simple Email Services (SES)
Amazon SWF
In this chapter, we will discuss Amazon SWF.

Amazon Simple Workflow Service (SWF) is a task based API that makes it easy to coordinate work across distributed application components. It provides a programming model and infrastructure for coordinating distributed components and maintaining their execution state in

a reliable way. Using Amazon SWF, we can focus on building the aspects of the application that differentiates it.

A workflow is a set of activities that carry out some objective, including logic that coordinates the activities to achieve the desired output.

Workflow history consists of complete and consistent record of each event that occurred since the workflow execution started. It is maintained by SWF.

How to Use SWF?

Step 1 − Sign in to AWS account and select SWF on the Services dashboard.

Step 2 − Click the Launch Sample Walkthrough button.

Wireless Security

Wireless Security Standards

Since the start of IEEE 802.11 measures, the
remote systems were developing at a huge pace. Individuals saw the potential in this kind of information transmission, accordingly 802.11 successors were appearing, couple of years after each other. The accompanying table compresses the current 802.11 models that are utilized as a part of our circumstances −


Standard Frequency Max speed

802.11 2.4 GHz 2 Mbps

802.11a 5 GHz 54 Mbps

802.11b 2.4 GHz 11 Mbps

802.11g 2.4 GHz 54 Mbps

802.11n 2.4 or 5 GHz 600 Mbps

802.11ac 5 GHz 1 Gbps

As should be obvious, Wi-Fi systems are ending up speedier and quicker. Following are several constraining components why we don't see high speeds when we download information over Wi-Fi −



There is a distinction between the speed and genuine s all through. Since remote correspondence is half-duplex (single radio wire can either transmit or get at one time), the genuine throughput is very half of the speed. This condition is just valid, when there is one transmitter and one collector, with no different customers included, and without impedance's (that prompts impacts and retransmission's).

The most front line gauges (802.11ac) are not that generally upheld on end-gadgets. The greater part of the portable PCs or cell phones available offers help for 802.11a/b/g/n, yet not yet for 802.11ac standard. Notwithstanding that, a few gadgets are furnished just with recieving wire, that backings 2,4 GHz recurrence band, yet not 5 GHz (that prompt absence of 802.11ac help naturally).

How to Download iOS 11 Beta on iPhone

How to Download iOS 11 Beta on iPhone

Apple introduce New mobile operating system iOS for iPad, iPhone and iPod on 5 june and there are lots of New features for iPhone. Here is the full guide on Download IOS 11 Beta on Your iPhone right now.
Devices iOS 11 works with


– iPhone 5s, 6, 6 plus, 6s, 6s plus, 7, 7 plus
– iPad Air, Air 2, mini 2, mini 3, mini 4
– iPod touch (6th gen)
How to Install iOS 11 on the Public Beta

ALSO READ :- 5 BEST SIRI FEATURES IN IOS 11

Here’s the guid to get the iOS 11 Public beta on your iPhone.


first visit beta.apple.com
> Click on “Sign in” button
> Sign in using your Apple id and password
> Agree the terms and conditions
> Take iOS 10 backup (if you already done this, then ignore it)
> Enroll your iPhone at beta.apple.com/profile
> Then click on Download profile button
> Now click on the “Install” button when profile open on your iPhone
> Enter your Apple password again to continue
> Now, Click on the install one more time on the consent screen
> Go to the setting >General > Software update to finish downloading and installing iOS 11 beta
How to Install iOS 11 on the Developer beta


1. Connect your iPhone to Wi-Fi
2. Login with developer account at developer.apple.com/download
3. Click on the Download button
4. Install your beta profile and follow prompts
5. Restart it
6. Done!! You successfully install iOS 11 beta on your device

Corkscrew light beams could lead to practical quantum computers

Corkscrew light beams could lead to practical quantum computers

Who said light only had to travel in boring waves orparticles? Not Harvard. Its researchers have found a wayto spin light into complex states that promise breakthroughs in multiple fields. They've built metasurfaces whose elaborate optics combine two kinds of light momentum (orbital angular and spin angular) to send light into corkscrews, spirals or even fork-like shapes. If you want to change the light state, you just need to change the polarization of that light.

They're not just for show, of course. The research team envisions these complex light states being very helpful for quantum optics and data, which could help quantum computersbecome a practical reality. They could also lead to high-powered imaging where a hole in the center of a light vortex could be changed to refocus on a subject. And it could also lead to better free-space opticalcommunication that can transmit through turbulent air and other conditions that scatter light. While it's very early days for this exotic light manipulation, it could prove instrumental to computing in the long run.

Nokia 5 3gb ram launch today

Nokia 5 with 3 gb ram launch today 

The Nokia 5 was launched back in July this year, but has only been available in 2GB RAM option all this while. Well, that changes now, as a new 3GB RAM variant of the device is being launched.

The new variant - in Matte Black and Tempered Blue colors - will be available in India, where retailer Flipkart will start offering it tonight.

As for pricing, the handset carries a launch price tag of INR 13,499 (around $210), which is already down INR 1,800 (around $27) from the usual pricing. Of course, there are some other launch-time discounts as well, including no cost EMIs and additional discounts on certain credit cards.

It's worth mentioning that while the model is an upgrade in terms of RAM, storage remains the same at 16GB. HMD says the Flipkart-exclusivity ends November 14, when some other retail outlets will also start selling the new variant.

What is Designated Port and Root port

Designated ports

There can be only one Root Port (marked as RP) on a Switch, but a Switch can have multiple Designated ports (marked as DP). The Designated Port is the port that has the lowest Path Cost on a particular Local Area Network (LAN) segment. Each segment has a single port that is used to reach the Root Bridge (Root Switch) called Designated Port. A Root Port can never be a Designated port.

A Root Port is the port on the Switch with the least cost from the “Switch” to the Root Bridge. A Designated Port is the port on a “Local Area Network (LAN) segment” with the least cost to the root bridge. The other end of a Designated Port is called as Non Designated Port (marked as NDP), if it is NOT a Root Port. Non Designated Port will be always in Blocking State, to avoid Layer 2 Switching loops.

Remember, a Root Port can never be a Designated  Port and also there cannot be any Root Port on a Root Bridge (Root Switch). All the ports on a Root Bridge (Root Switch) are Designated Ports.

Root ports

Once the Root Bridge (Switch) is elected, every other Switch in the network must select a single port on it to reach the Root Bridge (Switch). The single selected port on a Switch with least Path Cost to the Root Bridge is called the Root Port. Root Bridge (Switch) will never have a Root Port. Root Bridge (Switch) is at the Root and therefore there is no need of a Root Port to reach the root.
The above layout of Switches shows that Switch 4 has two ports to reach the Root Bridge. If there are multiple ports present in a Switch to reach the Root Bridge (Switch). Spanning Tree Protocol Algorithm must select the best port from them to reach the Root Bridge. Here the port with least path cost (4+4=8) is marked as Root Port.

 Different between Root port and designated port

Following figure shows a network with four Switches.

The Root Bridge (Root Switch) (mytech.com.SW1), Spanning Tree Root Ports (“RP”), Spanning Tree Designated Ports (“DP”) and a Non Designated Port (“NDP”) are marked on the figure.



The differences between Root Port and Designated Port are listed below.

• Root Port is a single selected port on a Switch, other than Root Switch, with least Path Cost to reach the Root Bridge. The Designated Port is the port that has the lowest Spanning Tree Path Cost on a particular Local Area Network (LAN) segment.

The Root Port is the port on the Bridge (Switch) with the least Spanning Tree Path Cost from the switch to the Root Bridge. A Designated Port is the port on a Local Area Network (LAN) segment with the least Spanning Tree Path Cost to the Root Bridge (Root Switch).

• There can be ONLY one Root Port on a Bridge (Switch). There may be multiple Designated Ports on a Bridge (Switch).

All the ports on a Root Bridge (Root Switch) are Designated Port and there is no Root Port on a Root Bridge (Root Switch).

• A Root Port can NEVER be a Designated Port.

• If one end of a Local Area Network (LAN) segment is a Designated Port, other end is called as Non Designated Port (marked as NDP), if it is NOT a Root Port. Non Designated Port will be always in Blocking State, to avoid Layer 2 Switching loops.

Spanning tree portstates

Spanning tree portstate

The ports on a switch with enabled Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) are in one of the following five port states.


• Blocking

• Listening

• Learning

• Forwarding

• Disabled

A switch does not enter any of these port states immediately except the blocking state. When the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is enabled, every switch in the network starts in the blocking state and later changes to the listening and learning states.

Blocking State

The Switch Ports will go into a blocking state at the time of election process, when a switch receives a BPDU on a port that indicates a better path to the Root Switch (Root Bridge), and if a port is not a Root Port or a Designated Port.

A port in the blocking state does not participate in frame forwarding and also discards frames received from the attached network segment. During blocking state, the port is only listening to and processing BPDUs on its interfaces. After 20 seconds, the switch port changes from the blocking state to the listening state.


Listening State

After blocking state, a Root Port or a Designated Port will move to a listening state. All other ports will remain in a blocked state. During the listening state the port discards frames received from the attached network segment and it also discards frames switched from another port for forwarding. At this state, the port receives BPDUs from the network segment and directs them to the switch system module for processing. After 15 seconds, the switch port moves from the listening state to the learning state.

Learning State

A port changes to learning state after listening state. During the learning state, the port is listening for and processing BPDUs . In the listening state, the port begins to process user frames and start updating the MAC address table. But the user frames are not forwarded to the destination. After 15 seconds, the switch port moves from the learning state to the forwarding state.

Forwarding State

A port in the forwarding state forwards frames across the attached network segment. In a forwarding state, the port will process BPDUs , update its MAC Address table with frames that it receives, and forward user traffic through the port. Forwarding State is the normal state. Data and configuration messages are passed through the port, when it is in forwarding state.

Disabled State

A port in the disabled state does not participate in frame forwarding or the operation of STP because a port in the disabled state is considered non-operational.

WhatsApp Pay

WhatsApp Pay in final testing stage, likely to launch in December:

We might be very close to getting a payments option in WhatsApp. There’s been considerable buzz surrounding the feature that the messaging giant has been working on for months, and now in a month or two, it could roll it out. The final testing phase is on, and WhatsApp Pay would likely see a December launch, FactorDaily reports. India would be the first to get the new feature. And why not? With 200 million-plus daily users, it is WhatsApp’s largest market in the world.

“They are likely to do some sort of an extended beta program for the feature in November and by December you can expect a full rollout,” a source close to the company stated. WhatsApp has reportedly partnered with three of India’s leading banks — SBI, ICICI and HDFC. WhatsApp Pay would require a bank’s UPIarchitecture to function. Uber, for instance, partnered with HDFC Bank and Axis Bank recently to roll out an UPI payment option for customers.

The report also released an artist’s impression of the imminent feature. It reveals that making a payment via WhatsApp would be as simple and quick as sharing a photo or contact on it. An added ‘Rupee’ symbol would crop up when a user clicks on Attachment. And he/she could make a peer-to-peer payment through a one-step process of entering amount and UPI PIN.

What is critical to note is that users wouldn’t need to exit their existing screes in order to make a payment. This not only means convenience, but also improves customer stickiness, increases minutes spent on the app, as well as reduces chances of another payments app being used. Surely other payments apps and mobile wallets have reasons to be worried. Recently a Twitter user rang an alarm on the same.

WhatsApp is possibly trying to emulate China’s WeChat, which has made a success out of an integrated messaging-and-payments play. WeChat has over 930 million users in China, and soon after it rolled out WeChat Pay, it went on to capture 40 percent of the payments market. That is second only to market leader Ali Pay, operated by e-commerce giant Alibaba. For WhatsApp, which has over a billion users across the globe, India is just the start. If it makes a success out of the new feature in its biggest — and possibly most complicated — territory, it wouldn’t be long before a Facebook-owned service dominates the payments space too.